Showing posts with label TIFF Cinematheque. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TIFF Cinematheque. Show all posts

Sunday, October 26, 2025

Lost Chapter : Luc Moullet at Cahiers du cinéma [ENG, FR]

 There’s a Luc Moullet mini-retro starting at the Lightbox coming up in November, which is a great occasion to brush off some dust on one of my old unpublished chapters on him from my dissertation. There’s an intro and interview, which I conducted in the summer of 2018. Unfortunately this more grand dissertation project got condensed into just chapters on the five editors-in-chief from 1981 to 2003, with the working title, “Cahier du cinéma : From Mao to New Media,” which I’m now working with Adrian Martin to turn into a book for Sticking Places Books for 2026. I’ve since also done another long-form interview with Moullet, and this time filmed by his friend Gérard Courant, still unreleased. I’m including both an English and French version of this chapter. Maybe I'd write his portrait differently today... and I highly recommend his own memoir, Mémories d'une savonnette indocile. – D.D.

Luc Moullet: The Short-circuit of humour [ENG]

Luc Moullet first appears like a younger brother when he enters Cahiers. He is an erudite cinephile and a great reader of Cahiers and in particular a fervent admirer of François Truffaut and Jacques Rivette. He moved in the same circles as them before he joined the editorial team. It was 1956. He was 18 years old and his first text was on Edgar G. Ulmer. Moullet was part of the first generation of critics that followed Truffaut and those who became the Nouvelle Vague. Following, Moullet would be there for the death of André Bazin and the successive editorships of Éric Rohmer, Jacques Rivette and Jean-Louis Comolli.

While he has written reviews about the two great American filmmakers of the previous generation - Rio Bravo by Howard Hawks and North by Northwest by Alfred Hitchcock – Moullet’s real challenge was to present new filmmakers into the magazine. The two directors he wrote the most about were Luis Buñuel (Death in the Garden, The Young One, The Exterminating Angel) and Samuel Fuller (Verboeten, Pickup on South Street, Underworld U.S.A.). With his texts on Buñuel he was able to intergrade this filmmaker into the Cahiers canon, since he had at times been more well-received at the left-wing Positif. And perhaps Moullet’s most striking article was “Sam Fuller : Sur les brisées de Marlowe”. He has even claimed that this article had done more for his reputation than his entire career as a director. This article created a very close bond between Fuller and himself. Moullet also maintained the Cahiers interest in American B-films which continued a Truffaut tendency that you can see in his reviews of such films as Sudden Fear or Niagara. Moullet kept on with this tradition through at first publishing an Edgar G. Ulmer’s filmography and then later, with Bertrand Tavernier, an interview with Ulmer.

Moullet’s review of Cecil B. DeMille’s The Ten Commandments, praising it for its grandeur and themes, is a great example of how he was offbeat in this cinephile milieu. He would later write a book on DeMille. But Moullet would also champion King Vidor and would also write a book on him too. He excelled at both appreciating big budget spectacles and smaller more independent films. But Moullet was also a figure of many hats. For example, he was important for the appreciation of the cult Italian sword-and-sandal (peplum) director Vittorio Cottafavi through his article “La Victoire d’Ercole” (which he would later intergrate into one of the subplots of his film Les Sièges de l’Alcazar). And he championed many international directors, along with many French ones, such as the German director Fritz Lang or the Japanese director Kenji Mizoguchi.

Moullet’s career at Cahiers lasted approximately 13 years from 1956 to 1969 after which he transitioned towards becoming a full-time director. During his period at Cahiers, Moullet published around 50 major texts which included a lot of longer film reviews. He wrote about many directors who were already important to Cahiers and continued to be so after. He had a strength in word games and humour even within a serious analysis. He mixed seriousness with humor and could make people laugh. Moullet’s texts had what he called an intelligent-stupidity or a serious hoax. He used these two terms (l’intelligence-bêtise or le canular sérieux) in reference to Buñuel. This tone was special to Moullet and he used it as well afterwards in his films. His general rule aimed to “always make the reader laugh” (Piges choisies). The films he liked, some which were quite bizarre and others marginal, were all unique to his taste. His writing is bold, biting, sharply decisive yet still attractive. There was always something fun to read in Moullet. His mixture of benevolent irony with an over-knowledge of the history of cinema prompted Serge Daney to say that his was the first columns to be read whenever he opened a new issue. Jean-Claude Biette spoke warmly of him as well.

Moullet was not always the star at the center of Cahiers and his views did not always follow the consensus. Bazin and Truffaut were not always certain about him, and Godard was in disagreement about some of his tastes. He was accused of having an irresponsible weirdness. Moullet supported American films against the ardent supporters of the Blum-Byrnes agreements, which aimed to protect the French film industry in the post-war era. This was a contrarian attitude in France where the serious intellectual spirit was nourished by the anti-American Communist party. But it was these contradictions that contributed to his value and his brand. And thanks to all this, Luc Moullet embodied in himself part of the idea of ​​what was the Cahiers du Cinéma.

Starting from 1966 he began to write less. He wrote the text “Les chèvres de Poi” in 1967 on the death of George Sadoul, another one of his heroes. He also did reports from Cannes. Moullet transitioned to directing (after having done several short- and medium-length films) with his 1968 film Les Contrebandières, which was the subject of note-worthy review by Jean-Pierre Oudart in January 1969. In October 1969 Moullet did a long interview with Michel Delahaye and Jean Narboni where you can see the differences between Moullet and the new editorial team at Cahiers. This is the period where Cahiers expressed its disagreement with Daniel Filipacchi and switched its focus to politics. Years later during the Jousse and Frodon eras, Moullet would return as a legendary figure of its glorious origins.

First, I’d like to ask you two questions. About your beginnings at Cahiers, and years later, when you returned to write a little, in the 1990s, and how it evolved. One of my questions is, what was the Cahiers gesture? At the beginning, what defined what Cahiers would become for you? 

At the time, it was 1951, so there were practically no film magazines. There was La Revue du Cinéma, which had ceased publication in 1948. And the weekly L’Écran français, which was truly critical, but which was somewhat eroded by submission to certain ideas of the Communist Party, and this consisted of saying a lot of good things about Russian films and a lot of bad things about American films. So it was a rather lacking period between 1948 and 1951, where there were practically no critical references.

 

For me, when I try to describe the essence of the Cahiers, the first major gestures are the friendship between Bazin and Truffaut, then the young critics who took over the magazine from the older generation, and after that, Hitchcock, as a figure who united the young critics.

Yes, that’s not quite it. In 1951, it was Bazin, Doniol-Valcroze, and Lo Duca. And then, perhaps at the end of 1952 or the beginning of 1953, Lo Duca disappeared, because Cahiers rejected his text on Sadoul.

 

In Truffaut's correspondence, there are two letters, I believe, that he sent you. What was your relationship with him like? He talks about being surprised by the energy of your writing and a little about your tastes at that time. Can you talk a little about that?

Yes, there were few letters, because we saw each other or spoke by telephone regularly. I arrived at Cahiers at the end of 1955. From 1954, Lo Duça had disappeared, Bazin and Doniol were there. In fact, it was Truffaut who was somewhat in charge from the Hitchcock issue onwards, around August 1954. Without being mentioned in the editorial, it was Truffaut who did most of the work with Doniol-Valcroze.

 

When I think about your writing in the Cahiers from this period, one can notice a constant in the magazine. It’s always changing: we take an idea from the Cahiers, an argument, and we take it elsewhere. If with the New Wave, there was Hitchcock, with you, we take it to Fuller, Ulmer, and other American directors. Have you noticed that the magazine has changed with your writings?

Not so much. Because Fuller and Ulmer were somewhat revealed by Truffaut. And Truffaut then became especially interested in his favorite directors like Becker, Hitchcock, Renoir, Rossellini, and Hawks. Then, as his attention focused on these filmmakers, I was able to do my research on directors who were more in the shadows, like Ulmer (but Ulmer was already championed by Truffaut) or Fuller. But also Buñuel, who was somewhat despised by the New Wave. Finally, by some of the critics there. 

You wrote a book about Fritz Lang. The descriptions of his Indian films are truly excellent. And where did Lang fit into all this?

Lang was indeed one of the filmmakers championed by Truffaut and his friends, notably Rivette and Chabrol.

 

How did you meet Fuller and how did he become an actor in your first films?

He came to Paris in 1965. At a time when he could no longer, when he was having difficulty filming in America, because the time for B movies, or small films, was over. So, starting in 1965, there was a project called Les Fleurs du Mal, and since he had read the series of articles that had been written about these films, I participated in an interview with him, it was in the spring of 1965. And a correspondence ensued with him. He informed me of the films he had in the pipeline. So there was extensive written correspondence between 1959 and 1965. And then he made a small appearance in Pierrot le Fou, and then in Brigitte and Brigitte, where he introduced himself as Samuel Fuller.

 

I think Fuller and your texts on his films define the Cahiers a little. It’s after the texts on Hitchcock, it shows a passionate French love for American cinema. And the argument about Fuller, that he doesn’t think, he acts, I think is marvelous.

In fact, it's a little more complex. Because there were also intentions in Fuller, we see it particularly through films like Verboeten or Run of the Arrow, but the intentions are a little carried away by lyricism and the way of doing things. And everything that is raised on the subject was actually a bit of a pretext. For example, he is the only director who made five anti-communist films. But in fact, it’s because he acquired a label of anti-Red filmmaker that served him well. He made two films about the Korean War, without having participated in that war. He brought his experience of the Second World War into them. So we don’t detect this anti-communist side in the Second World War. It happened in the post-Stalinist films during the war with the United States, and he played on it to gain a brand image. In fact, he was more against dictatorships than against communists.

 

Your film Les Sièges de l’Alcazar is one of the best films, I think, about cinephilia. Was it like that in critical circles during the 1950s?

Yes, well, in the somewhat sophisticated critical circles, those of Cahiers du cinéma and Positif, it was a bit like that. I exaggerated it because for the public, ignorant of this, it was necessary to define the opposing factions more clearly...

 

Yes, I love it, there’s a line, the woman talks about The Salt of the Earth, one of the Hollywood Ten films, while the young critic from Cahiers prefers Cottafavi. It’s so funny. I think your writings and your films also have a sense of humor that isn’t always there when you read reviews. Do you think that’s the case?

Yes, in fact, there was quite a bit of humor in Truffaut’s writings. But much less in the texts of Rohmer or even Rivette.

 

Then, you returned to Cahiers later to write articles on films. What year was that exactly, and how did it happen?

I wrote for Cahiers between 1956 and 1969. And then there was the Maoist-Marxist-structuralist period, with which I had little to do with. For six or seven years, Cahiers were published irregularly, without film photos, and sometimes even without film reviews. So I couldn't reintegrate into that structure.

 

I met Dominique Noguez, and he told me that he had written a review of a Pasolini film, and with the political upheaval of that period, Cahiers rejected it because they perceived him as bourgeois... During this Maoist period, I think one of the greatest critic-directors at Cahiers was François Truffaut. And he, too, was completely forgotten. Were you close to him? What did he think of it during this period?

Yes, Truffaut began making films in 1957, and he distanced himself somewhat from criticism, especially after the release of The 400 Blows. He kept an eye on things, gave opinions, gave advice... But he wrote like that, somewhat outside of Cahiers, when he was asked for a contribution. So he was much more distant, and he provided moral and sometimes financial support to Cahiers until 1970. But then he moved away from it. He himself said he had never read a line of Karl Marx.

 

And you came back, I think, in the 1990s to write a little for the magazine...

There were a few contributions... I sent a letter to Cahiers in 1979 about Godard, and then I wrote a piece on Truffaut, “La balance et le lien”. As well as a piece on DeMille, which was published in 1991, which was also written a few years earlier. There were delays between the writing and the publication due to the current events: my piece on Truffaut arrived after the tribute issue dedicated to him, before they commissioned me to write a piece on Godard in 1990. Finally, they asked me for an introduction on John Ford. Starting in 1992, they wanted a series of articles, like Audiberti had done, monthly articles, on a subject that interested me until 1996.

Yes, I was reading an interview with a director who mentioned the articles in which you talked about them. It helped them in their careers, and they were truly touched. Now we just have to read through all these texts.

 

Interview with Luc Moullet, thanks to Gérard Courant, May 2018.

***

Luc Moullet : Le court circuit d’humour [FR]

Luc Moullet, c’est un peu le frère cadet des débuts des Cahiers. C’est un grand cinéphile et grand lecteur des Cahiers, et en particulier un admirateur fervent de François Truffaut et Jacques Rivette. Il les côtoye avant de se joindre à la rédaction avec un premier texte sur Edgar G. Ulmer. Il a 18 ans et c’est en 1956. Il représente, avec d’autres, la première génération de rédacteurs qui suit celle de Truffaut et ceux qui forme la Nouvelle Vague. Avec Luc Moullet, les Cahiers changent, et cette transformation continue après lui. Il est là pour le basculement à la mort d’André Bazin et successivement pour les rédactions d’Éric Rohmer, Jacques Rivette et Jean-Louis Comolli. 

Même s’il écrit sur les deux grands cinéastes américains de la politique des auteurs de la génération précédente – il rédige des critiques de Rio Bravo de Howard Hawks (nº 97) et La mort aux trousses d’Alfred Hitchcock (nº 102) – les vrais enjeux de Moullet sont de faire entrer des nouveaux cinéastes à la revue. Les deux réalisateurs à propos desquels il écrit le plus sont Luis Buñuel (Lamort en ce jardinLa jeune filleL’Ange exterminateur) et Samuel Fuller (Verboeten, Le port de la drogueUnderworld USA). Avec le premier, il est capable de le faire accepter dans la maison Cahiers (avant d’être plus Positif) et l’autre, avec son texte peut-être le plus marquant, « Sam Fuller : sur les brisées de Marlowe » (nº 93) – il revendique même que ce texte a fait plus pour sa réputation que toute sa carrière comme réalisateur (Piges choisies). Cet article crée un lien très serré entre Moullet et Fuller. Moullet pousse l’intérêt des Cahiers pour la série-B qui était déjà̀ là avec Truffaut quand il écrit sa première critique sur Le masque arraché (nº 21) avec au début, la filmographie (nº 58) suivi plus tard de l’entretien d’Edgar G. Ulmer avec Bertrand Tavernier (nº 122). C’est aussi marquant de voir Moullet encenser Cecil B. DeMille avec sa critique des Dix commandements (nº 80) – il a écrit un livre sur lui beaucoup plus tard –, et King Vidor (nº 136) – on lui doit aussi une étude de son film Le rebelle. Puis, il participe à l’éloge du réalisateur culte de péplum italien, Vittorio Cottafavi avec son texte « La victoire d’Ercole » (nº 131) – ces débats constituent le sujet de son film Les Sièges de l’AlcazarIl écrit sur des réalisateurs allemands comme Fritz Lang (avant de publier un livre d’analyse assez célèbre sur lui plus tard) tout en s’intéressant au cinéma japonais (Mizoguchi).

Son parcours aux Cahiers dure environ treize ans de 1956 à 1969 avant qu’il ne parvienne à concrétiser son désir de devenir un réalisateur à temps complet. Pendant sa période Cahiers, Moullet publie environ cinquante textes dont la plupart sont de longs critiques. Il écrit sur de nombreux réalisateurs déjà importants aux Cahiers auparavant et continuent à l’être longtemps après. Sa force réside un peu dans les jeux de mots et les blagues même si ses analyses sont sérieuses et il a une manière forte de trancher. Il mélange le sérieux au comique et il fait rire. Les textes de Moullet atteignent ce qu’il appelle l’intelligence-bêtise ou le canular sérieux (deux termes qu’il utilise pour parler de Buñuel). Ce ton-là est propre à Moullet et il l’utilise bien sûr dans ses films par la suite. Un de ses dogmes vise à « toujours faire rire le lecteur » (Piges choisie). Et on le voit à l’œuvre dans ce qu’il écrit. Il aime des films assez bizarres et marginaux, ce qui rend ces objets uniques à ses yeux, et dont il parle d’une manière pointue et séduisante. Il choisit des œuvres audacieuses dépeintes avec une écriture mordante. Son esprit combattif s’explique, en partie, par son soutien à des films américains, commerciaux, dans un climat français où l’esprit intellectuel sérieux est nourri par le parti communiste (qui est anti-américain) et en réaction à l’accord Blum-Byrnes qui veut protéger et aider l’industrie cinématographique française. En tous cas, il y a toujours quelque chose d’amusant à lire en Moullet, ce mélange d’ironie bienveillante avec une sur-connaissance de l’histoire du cinéma. Serge Daney disait que c’étaient les premiers textes sur lesquels il se précipitait quand il ouvrait un numéro à l’époque ; et Jean-Claude Biette parle également chaleureusement de lui. Moullet n’est pas toujours au centre de la revue et il ne provoque pas toujours un consensus : on l’accuse même parfois d’avoir une bizarrerie irresponsable, Bazin et Truffaut ne sont pas toujours certains à propos de lui, et Godard était parfois en désaccord avec certains de ses goûts... Mais ces éléments-là contribuent à sa valeur et à sa marque : il peut faire bouger des choses. Et grâce à cela, Luc Moullet incarne à lui seul une idée forte de ce qu’était, et ce qu’est encore, les Cahiers du cinéma.

Mais à partir de 1966, il commence à moins écrire. Il rédige le billet : « Les chèvres de Poil » (nº 197), en 1967 à la mort de George Sadoul (un autre de ses héros), des reportages de Cannes... Son destin et sa transition comme réalisateur (après avoir déjà fait plusieurs courts et longs- métrages) se passent en janvier 1969 avec la grande critique de son film Les Contrebandières par Jean-Pierre Oudart (nº 208) avant de faire un long entretien avec Michel Delahaye et Jean Narboni en octobre 1969 (nº 215) – le film est aussi projeté à la troisième Semaine des Cahiers avec sa présentation. Et suite à cet entretien, où on voit clairement les différences entre Moullet et la nouvelle équipe des Cahiers (sur les films politiques, le devoir des Cahiers...), la revue exprime son désaccord avec Daniel Filipacchi et se déchire dans son basculement vers la politique. Des années plus tard (à l’époque de Jousse, et un peu l’époque de Frodon), Moullet revient comme figure légendaire de cette période historique. 

Entretien avec Luc Moullet 

D’abord, je souhaite vous poser deux sortes de question. A propos de vos débuts aux Cahiers, et des années plus tard, quand vous retournez pour écrire un peu, dans les années quatre- vingt-dix. Et comment cela a évolué. Une de mes questions, c’est quoi le geste Cahiers ? Au début de la revue, qu’est-ce qui définit ce que la revue va être pour vous ? 

À l’époque c’était en 1951, donc il y n’avait pratiquement plus de revue de cinéma. Il y avait La Revue du Cinéma qui avait arrêtée en 1948. Et l’hebdomadaire L’Écran français, qui était vraiment la critique, mais qui a été un peu érodé par la soumission à certaines idées du parti communiste, et cela consistait à dire beaucoup de bien des films russes et beaucoup de mal des films américains. Donc c’était une période entre 1948 et 1951 assez lacunaire où il n’y avait pratiquement pas de référence sur le plan critique. 

Pour moi, quand j’essaie de décrire l’essence des Cahiers, les premiers grands gestes sont l’amitié entre Bazin et Truffaut, après ce sont les jeunes qui prennent la revue des gens plus âgés, et après ça, Hitchcock, comme une figure qui unit les jeunes rédacteurs.
Oui, ce n’est pas tout à fait ça. En 1951, c’est Bazin, Doniol-Valcroze et Lo Duca. Et puis, c’est peut-être fin 52, ou début 53, Lo Duca disparaît, parce que les Cahiers ont refusé son texte sur Sadoul.

Dans les correspondances de Truffaut il y a deux lettres, je crois, qu’il vous envoie. Quels étaient vos rapports ? Il parle d’être surpris de l’énergie de votre écriture et un peu de vos goûts à cette époque. Pouvez-vous parler un peu de cela ?
Oui, il y avait peu de lettres, parce qu’on se voyait ou on se parlait par téléphone. Je suis arrivé aux Cahiers à la fin de 1955, à partir de 1954, Lo Duça avait disparu, Bazin et Doniol étaient là. En fait, c’était Truffaut qui menait un peu le jeu à partir du numéro Hitchcock, à peu près en août 1954. Sans être mentionné dans la rédaction, c’était Truffaut qui faisait l’essentiel du travail avec Doniol-Valcroze. 

Quand je pense à vos textes dans les Cahiers de cette période, on peut remarquer une constante dans la revue. Cela change toujours : on prend une idée des Cahiers, un argument et on l’amène ailleurs. Si avec la Nouvelle Vague, il y avait Hitchcock, avec vous on l’emmène jusqu’à Fuller, Ulmer et d’autres réalisateurs américains. Avez-vous remarqué que la revue se modifiait avec vos textes ? 

Pas tellement. Parce que Fuller et Ulmer ont été un peu révélés par Truffaut. Et Truffaut ensuite s’est intéressé surtout à ses réalisateurs favoris comme Becker, Hitchcock, Renoir, Rossellini, Hawks. Ensuite, comme son attention se concentrait sur ces cinéastes, je pouvais faire mes recherches sur des réalisateurs qui étaient plus tenus à l’ombre, comme Ulmer (mais Ulmer est « révélé par Truffaut ») ou Fuller. Mais aussi Buñuel, qui était un peu méprisé par la Nouvelle Vague. Enfin par la nouvelle vague critique. 

Vous avez écrit un livre sur Fritz Lang. Les descriptions des films indiens sont vraiment excellentes. Et Lang était où dans tout ça ?
Lang faisait effectivement partie des cinéastes défendus par Truffaut et ses amies. Notamment Rivette et Chabrol. 

Comment avez-vous rencontré Fuller et comment est-il devenu un comédien dans vos premiers films ?
Il est venu à Paris en 1965. À un moment où il ne pouvait plus, où il avait du mal à tourner en Amérique, parce que le temps de la série B, ou des petits films, était dépassé. Donc à partir de 1965, il y avait un projet qui s’appelait Les fleurs du mal, et comme il avait lu la suite d’articles qui avait été faite sur ces films, j’ai participé à une interview avec lui, c’était au printemps 1965. Et une correspondance a suivi avec lui. Il m’a averti des films qu’il avait en projet. Donc il y a eu une correspondance écrite fournie entre 1959 et 1965. Et puis il fait une petite apparition dans Pierrot le fou, dans Brigitte et Brigitte ensuite où il se présente comme Samuel Fuller. 

Je pense que Fuller et vos textes sur ses films définissent les Cahiers un petit peu. C’est après les textes sur Hitchcock, c’est un amour français passionné pour le cinéma américain. Et l’argument sur Fuller, qu’il ne pense pas, he acts, je pense que c’est une merveille.
En fait, c’est un peu plus complexe. Parce qu’il y avait aussi des intentions, chez Fuller, on le voit notamment à travers des films come Verboeten, ou Run of the Arrow, mais les intentions sont un peu emportées par le lyrisme et la façon de faire. Et tout ce qui est relevé du sujet était en fait un peu après un prétexte. Par exemple, c’est le seul réalisateur qui a fait cinq films anti communiste. Mais en fait, c’est parce qu’il a acquis une étiquette de cinéaste anti rouge qui lui servait beaucoup. Il réalise deux films sur la guerre de Corée, sans avoir participé à cette guerre. Il y a mis son expérience de la deuxième guerre mondiale. Donc on ne décèle pas ce côté anti communiste dans la deuxième guerre mondiale. C’est arrivé dans les films poststaliniens pendant la guerre aux États Unis et il en a joué pour avoir une image de marque. En fait, il était plus contre les dictatures que contre les communistes. 

Votre film Les Sièges de l'Alcazar est un des meilleurs films, je crois, sur la cinéphilie. Est- ce que c’était comme ça dans les milieux critiques pendant les années cinquante ?
Oui, enfin ça, dans le milieu de la critique, un peu poussé, c’était celle des Cahiers du cinéma et de Positif, c’était un peu comme ça. Je l’exagérais parce que pour le public ignorant cela, il fallait définir plus nettement les clans qui s’opposaient... 

Oui, j’adore, il y a une ligne, la femme parle du film Le Sel de la terre un des films des Hollywood Ten, alors que le jeune critique de Cahiers préfère Cottafavi. C’est si drôle. Je crois que vos textes et vos films aussi ont un sens de l’humour qui n’est pas toujours là quand on lit des critiques. Pensez-vous que c’est le cas ? 

Oui, en fait, il y avait pas mal d’humour dans les textes de Truffaut. Mais beaucoup moins dans les textes de Rohmer ou même de Rivette. 

Puis, vous revenez aux Cahiers plus tard pour écrire des articles sur des films. C’était en quelle année exactement et comment est-ce que ça s’est passé ?
J’ai écrit aux Cahiers entre 1956 et 1969. Et puis il y a eu la période maoïste-marxiste- structuraliste, avec laquelle j’avais peu à voir. Pendant six, sept années, il y a eu des Cahiers qui sont parus irrégulièrement, sans photo de films, et même parfois sans critique de films. Donc je ne pouvais pas me réinsérer dans cette structure. 

J’ai rencontré Dominique Noguez et il me disait qu’il a écrit une critique sur un film de Pasolini et avec le bouleversement politique de cette période les Cahiers l’ont rejetée car ils l’ont perçu comme un bourgeois ... Pendant cette période maoïste, je pense qu’un des plus grands critiques-réalisateurs Cahiers était François Truffaut. Et lui aussi a été totalement oublié. Étiez-vous proche ? Qu’est-ce qu’il pensait de la revue ? 

Oui, Truffaut a commencé à faire des films à partir de 1957 et il s’est un peu détaché de la critique surtout à partir de la sortie des Quatre cents coups. Il surveillait, donnait des avis, des conseils... Mais il écrivait comme ça, un peu en dehors des Cahiers, quand on lui demandait un texte. Donc il était beaucoup plus distant et il apportait une aide morale et parfois financière aux Cahiers jusqu’en 1970. Mais ensuite il s’en est écarté. Il disait lui-même qu’il n’avait jamais lu une ligne de Karl Marx. 

Et vous revenez, je pense, dans les années 1990 pour écrire un petit peu dans la revue ... 

Il y a eu quelques interventions... J’ai envoyé une lettre aux Cahiers en 1979 à propos de Godard et ensuite, j’ai fait un texte sur Truffaut, La balance et le lien. Ainsi qu’un texte sur DeMille qui a été publié en 1991, qui a aussi été rédigé quelques années avant. Il y a eu des délais de parution entre l’écriture et la publication en raison des désordres de l’actualité : mon texte sur Truffaut est arrivé après le numéro hommage qui lui fut consacré avant qu’ils me commandent un texte sur Godard en 1990. Enfin, ils m’ont demandé une introduction sur John Ford. À partir de 1992, ils désiraient avoir une suite de billets, comme Audiberti l’avait fait, des billets mensuels, sur un sujet qui m’intéressait jusqu’à 1996. 

Oui, je lisais un entretien avec un réalisateur qui évoquait les billets où vous parliez d’eux. Cela les a aidés dans leur carrière et ils étaient vraiment touchés. Il nous reste à parcourir tous ces textes maintenant. 

Rencontre avec Luc Moullet, grâce à Gérard Courant, mai 2018.

Tuesday, February 7, 2012

"Master Precision. Be a precision instrument myself." (Robert Bresson at the Lightbox)

Title: Notes on the Cinematographer
Author: Robert Bresson
Publisher: Green Integer
Pages: 140
Price: $8.95


*****
"These words are more than notes from an experienced film-maker's diary. These words are scars, marks of suffering, they are gems."- J. M. G. Le Clézio

Who are the great filmmakers whose films and method evoke an ideal of what cinema can be? Who are the directors that made the films that have shaped the evolution of the seventh art - laying down its foundation? If I can try to answer these two question, usually with crossover between both answers, I would have to mention: Antonioni, Bergman, Brakhage, Bresson, Cassavetes, Chaplin, Dreyer, Edison, Eisenstein, Eustache, Ford, Flaherty, Garrel, Godard, Griffifth, Hawks, Hitchcock, Kubrick, Kurosawa, Keaton, Lang, Lumière brothers, McLaren, Mekas, Méliès, Mizoguchi, Murnau, Ozu, Ray, Renoir, Rossellini, Snow, Tarkovsky, Truffaut, Vertov, Vigo and Welles. The fact that the TIFF Cinematheque regularly projects prints of their films, amongst a lot of other stuff, makes it such a valuable asset to the Toronto film community.

The highly anticipated series, which has been in the works for a while, The Poetry of Precision: The Films of Robert Bresson consists of, as Senior Programmer James Quandt, refers to them, "one of film history's most legendary and influential bodies of work." Bresson's thirteen films will have scheduled projections from February 9th to March 30th, with two being introduced by Cinema Studies professors from the University of Toronto: Bart Testa on Un condamné à mort s'est échappé on February 9th and 12th, and Brian Price on Lancelot du Lac on February 20th. I am particularly looking forward to Bresson's early works like Les anges du péché, Les dames du Bois de Boulogne and Affaires publiques as well as Quatre nuits d'un rêveur and L'argent. This series will then go on a North American tour.

There is going to be a book launch for the new edition of the TIFF Cinematheque publication Robert Bresson (Revised), a revision of the 1998 book. For anyone that is unfamiliar with the book, I highly recommend it. I am especially fond of Quandt's introduction and the Raymond Durgnat essay. And To further cement Robert Bresson’s street cred, it also appears on John Waters’ bookshelf in Cindy Sherman's photographs of them in Place Space. Though there is also an essay by Michael Haneke, which I find a little surprising because don't I really see any comparison; instead I think Haneke to be more derivative of the renegade horror director, Wes Craven.

Bresson's films are usually austere and bleak, sparse and daunting. He is known as a modernist director, whose emphasis is that of medium specificity: "What the cinematographer captures with his or her own resources cannot be what the theater, the novel, painting capture with theirs". His particular brand of minimalism is described by András Bálint Kovács', in Screening Modernism, as metonymic minimalism, due to Bresson's usage of off-screen sounds as exposition. While Brian Price would remind us, in Neither God Nor Master, that Bresson's films are also political as their subject matter responded to a growing dissolution in France especially in the later, post-May 1968, films. What I find so captivating about Bresson's work can be best articulated by this Andrei Tarkosvky quote, from an interview between him and Michel Ciment: "Engels expressed a marvelous idea when he said a work of art soars to an even higher plane the profoundly buried - better still, hidden - the idea behind it is. And that's the course we chose to take. We forced ourselves to submerge the idea in the ambiance, in the characters, in the conflicts between different characters." The ideas of sacrifice and redemption hidden in Bresson's films through atmosphere, characters, sound, image, and editing (i.e. cinematography) makes his cinema one of the apogee of film art. Creating images in cinema like the spellbinding bumper car scene in Mouchette where toy-cars hit one another trapping this young little girl in a anarchy of collisions, which rivals with the night-time boating sequence in Strangers on a Train, as the most exciting visual complement to describe a character's situation. There is a brutal intensity mixed with an aesthetic exultation.

With this retrospective one can discover where much of cinema seems to have been spun-off from. The influence of Journal d'un curé de campagne, an adaptation of the George Bernanos novel, as well of Dostoevsky, is readily acknowledged by Paul Schrader and Martin Scorsese on their Taxi Driver. You can see the Un condamné à mort s'est échappé influence on Don Siegel's Escape from Alcatraz. Anne Wiazemsky’s immortal performance in her debut role in Au hasard Balthazar, which she would carry around with her in her other films. As well Bresson's mark on Monte Hellman sixties and seventies output or on Jean-Marie Straub’s appropriation of the Bressonian model in Not Reconciled and in Moses und Aron. And for more vibrations of Bresson in contemporary cinema there is his religious influence (i.e. moments of transcendence) in the work of the Dardenne brothers, and the austere and marginal subjects of a Bruno Dumont. Even Stephen Spielberg picked up from Bresson like the Pickpocket homage in his recent, and fantastic, The Adventures of Tintin.

Asides from his films, Bresson is also known for one small little book: Notes on the Cinematographer, whose original French publication was in 1975. It consists of poetic musings sort-of like Kiarostami's Walking with the Wind. As well it is a revered director talking about his art and process similar to Ray's I was Interrupted. It is an intense little log-book full of his likings and his disliking, references to the Renaissance and Classicism, composers and Kabuki theater, the relationship between photography and reality, theater and cinema; Pascal, Debussy, Purcell, Baudelaire, a short film Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo etc. The book is divided into two periods: 1950-1958 (which includes the subtitles: Human Models, On Looks, On True and False, On Music, On Automatism, On Poverty, Sight and Hearing, Gestures and Words, The Real, On Fragmentation, Exercises) and Further Notes: 1960-1974. For English readers there is the Green Integer edition, which has an introduction by J. M. G. Le Clézio and is translated in by Jonathan Griffin.

Who can forget the appearance of Notes on the Cinematographer in Godard’s Éloge de l'amour? When a woman picks it up and starts reciting lines as if it is a holy doctrine. Notes on the Cinematographer presents a high standard of criteria on how to judge films - Bresson’s and others.



*****
Here are some excerpts of his Notes on the Cinematographer:

"The faculty of using my resources well diminishes when their number grows."

"Metteur en scène, director. The point is not to direct someone, but to direct oneself."

"No Actors.
(No directing of actors.) No parts.
(No learning of parts.) No staging.
But the use of working models, taken from life.
BEING (models) instead of SEEMING (actors)."

"(1925?) The TALKIE opens its doors to theater which occupies the place and surrounds it with barbed wire."

"Two types of film: those that employ the resources of the theatre (actors, direction, etc.) and use the camera in order to reproduce; those that employ the resources of cinematography and use the camera to create."

"On the choice of models
His voice draws for me his mouth, his eyes, his face, makes for me his complete portrait, outer and inner, better than if he were in front of me. The best deciphering got by the ear alone."

On two deaths and three births. My movie is born first in my head, dies on paper; is resuscitated by the living persons and the real objects I use, which are killed on film but, placed in a certain order and projected on to a screen, come to life again like flowers in water.”

"To your models: " Don't think what you're saying, don't think what you're doing." And also: "Don't think about what you say, don't think about what you do.""

"One single mystery of persons and objects."

"Cinematography, a military art. Prepare a film like a battle."

"No music as accompaniment, support or reinforcement. No music at all. "

"The Noises must become music."

"You shall call a fine film the one that gives you an exalted idea of cinematography."

"Your film - let people feel the soul and the heart there, but let it be made like a work of hands."

"Catch instants. Spontaneity, freshness."

"In ***, a film that smacks of the theatre, this great English actor keeps fluffing to make us believe that he is inventing his lines as he goes along. His efforts to render himself more alive do just the opposite."

"A too-expected image (cliché) will never seem right, even if it is."

"A sigh, a silence, a word, a sentence, a din, a hand, the whole of your model, his face, in repose, in movement, in profile, full face, an immense view , a restricted space... Each thing exactly in its place: your only resources."

"The insensible bond, connecting your furthest apart and most different images, is your vision."

"Let it be the feelings that bring about the events. Not the other way."

"Cinematography: new way of writing, therefore of feeling."

"In every art there is a diabolical principle which acts against it and tries to demolish it. Analogous principle is perhaps not altogether unfavorable to cinematography."

"Forms that resemble ideas. Treat them as actual ideas."

"Model. "All face."”

"Someone who can work with the minimum can work with the most. One who can with the most cannot, inevitably, with the minimum."

"If, on the screen, the mechanism disappears and the phrases you have made them say, the gestures you have made them make, have become one with your models, with your film, with - then a miracle."

"Hide the ideas, but so that people find them. The most important will be the most hidden."

"CINEMA seeks immediate and definitive expression through mimicry, gestures, intonations of voice. This system inevitably excludes expression through contacts and exchanges of images and of sounds and the transformations that result from them."

"Not to shoot a film in order to illustrate a thesis, or to display men and women confined to their external aspect, but to discover the matter they are made of. To attain that "heart of the heart" which does not let itself be caught either by poetry, or by philosophy, or by drama."

"Nothing too much, nothing deficient."

"Music takes up all the room and gives no increased value to the image to which it is added."

"Draw the attention of the public (as we say that a chimney draws)."

"A small subject can provide the pretext for many profound combinations. Avoid subjects that are too vast or too remote, in which nothing warns you when you are going astray. Or else take from them only what can be mingled with your life and belongs to your experience."

"Of lighting: Things made more visible not by more light, but by the fresh angle at which I regard them."

"Bring together things that have as yet never been brought together and did not seem predisposed to be so."

"A single word, a single movement that is not right or is merely in the wrong place gets in the way of all the rest."

"Model. His pure essence."

"The exchanges that are produced between images and images, sounds and sounds, images and sounds, give the people and objects in your films their cinematographic life and, by a subtle phenomenon, unify your composition."

"All those effects you can get from repetition (of an image, of a sound)."

"If a sound is the obligatory complement of an image, give preponderance either to the sound, or to the image. If equal, they damage or kill each other, as we say of colors."

"The sight of movement gives happiness: horse, athlete, bird."

"x demonstrates a great stupidity when he says that to touch the masses there is no need of art."

"A whole gaggle of critics making no distinction between CINEMA and cinematography. Opening an eye now and then to the actors' inadequate presence and performance, shutting it again at once. Obliged to like in a lump all that is projected on to the screens."

"No psychology (of the kind which discovers only what it can explain)."

"Economy: Make known that we are in the same place by repetition of the same noises and the same sonority."

"It is in its pure form that an art hits hard."

"Do not use the same models in two films. (1) One would not believe in them. (2) They would look at themselves in the first film as one looks at oneself in the mirror, would want people to see them as they wish to be seen, would impose a discipline on themselves, would grow disenchanted as they corrected themselves."

"See your film as a combination of lines and of volumes in movement apart from what it represents and signifies."

"Displaying everything condemns CINEMA to cliché, obliges it to display things as everyone is in the habit of seeing them. Failing which, they would appear false or sham."

"Shooting. You will not know till much later if your film is worth the mountain rage of efforts it is costing you."

"Silence, musical by an effect of resonance. The last syllable of the last word, or the last noise, like a held note."

"Cinematography films: emotional, not representational."

"Let the cause follow the effect, not accompany it or precede it."

"Several takes of the same thing, like a painter who does several pictures or drawings of the same subject and, each fresh time, progresses towards rightness."

"In the Greek Catholic liturgy:"Be attentive!""

"The most ordinary word, when put into place, suddenly acquires brilliance. That is the brilliance with which your images must shine."

"Ten properties of an object, according to Leonardo: light and dark, color and substance, form and position, distance and nearness, movement and stillness."

"The people I pass in the Avenue des Champs-Élysées appear to me like marble figures moved forward by springs. But let their eyes meet mine, and at once these walking and gazing statues become human."

"Hollow idea of "art cinema," of "art films." Art films, the ones most devoid of it."

"To forge for oneself iron laws, if only in order to obey or disobey them with difficulty."

"In X's eyes the cinema is a special industry; in Y' an enlarged theatre. Z sees the box office figures."

"The future of cinematography belongs to a new race of young solitaries who will shoot films by putting their last penny into it and not let themselves be taken in by the material routines of the trade."

"In your passion for the true, people may see nothing but faddism."

"(1963) Left Rome abruptly, abandoned irrevocably the preparatory work for Genesis, to cut short idiotic discussions and desecrating obstruction. How strange it is that people can ask you to do what they themselves would certainly be prevented from doing, because they do not know what it is!"

"What economy!"

"Bach at the organ, admired by a pupil, answered: "It's a matter of striking the notes at exactly the right moment.""

"For want of truth, the public gets hooked on the false. Falconetti's way of casting her eyes to heaven, in Dreyer's film, used to draw tears."

"These horrible days - when shooting film disgusts me, when I am exhausted, powerless in the face of so many obstacles - are part of my method of work."

"Precision of aim lays one open to hesitations. Debussy: "I've spent a week deciding on one chord rather than another."

"Oscars to actors whose body, face and voice do not seem to be theirs, do not produce any certainty that they belong to them."

"MASTERPIECES. The masterpieces of painting or sculpture, such as the Giaconda or the Venus of Milo, have so many reasons for being admired that they are admired for both the good and the bad ones. CINEMA masterpieces are often admired only for the bad ones."

"In the NUDE, all that is not beautiful is obscene."

"Cézanne: "A chaque touche, je risque ma vie."

"Let nothing be changed and all be different."

"DIVINATION - how can one not associate that name with the two sublime machines I use for my work? Camera and tape recorder carry me far away from the intelligence which complicates everything.

Tuesday, October 25, 2011

Nick Ray at Cahiers du Cinema (circa 1950s)

The TIFF Bell Lightbox is currently running a Nicholas Ray retrospective The Cinema Is Nicholas Ray as part of its Hollywood Classics series. The series is programmed by James Quandt, scheduled over two seasons and is centered on the recent restoration of We Can't Go Home Again*, which will be playing on Sunday October 30th at 4PM and will be introduced by Susan Ray. "Poetic, pessimistic, high-strung and humanist, Ray's films are set in a lonely place and on dangerous ground - the wounded psyches of often solitary nomads, strangers who keep looking for a home in a world to which they "have not been properly introduced,"" Quandt writes in the 180°. These screenings will offer Torontonians a glimpse into Ray's mesmerizing work. We Can't Go Home Again, which has recently been restored, and Susan's own Don't Expect Too Much, a companion-piece documentary on We Can't Go Home Again are the kind of films by Ray that Bill Krohn compares to flying saucers, "you catch glimpses of them or hear about them from people who've seen one." The rare prints and the fact that they are only shown once or twice give these Cinematheque screenings an aura-like quality.

Since the Godard line that "The Cinema is Nicholas Ray" is quoted ad nauseam (The Dreamers, the bulk of journalistic reviews) I thought that I would take the occasion to look at what else the Young Turks had to say about the auteur with whom most of them fell in love with when they first discovered They Live By Night at the Rendez-Vous de Biarritz in 1950. A great resource for their writing** is the anthology edited by Jim Hillier, Cahiers du Cinema - The 1950s; Neo-Realism, Hollywood, New Wave (1985)***. In the book's section on American Cinema there is a dossier on Nicholas Ray which includes reviews by Jacques Rivette on The Lusty Men, Francois Truffaut on Johnny Guitar, Eric Rohmer on Rebel Without a Cause, Jean-Luc Godard on Hot Blood and Bitter Victory, and an interview from November 1958 between Charles Bitsch and Ray (one of the first American directors to be interviewed in the magazines, as the editorial staff had no real contact with the foreign trade press). Within these pages - beautifully translated and with foot-notes by Liz Heron and Tom Milne - you can find what made the French film critics at Cahiers du Cinema so exciting to read at the time - and I believe more importantly - retrospectively and currently.

So what were the films that Ray made in the '50s? There is Born to Be Bad and In a Lonely Place ('50); On Dangerous Ground, Flying Leathernecks and The Racket ('51); Macao and The Lusty Men ('52); Androcles and the Lion ('53); Johnny Guitar and a teleplay High Green Wall ('54); Run for Cover and Rebel Without a Cause ('55); Hot Blood and Bigger Than Life ('56); The True Story of Jesse James and Bitter Victory ('57); Wind Across the Everglades and Party Girl ('58). In terms of his contemporaries, Jacques Rivette in The State of the American Cinema (Cahiers N.54) writes, "At present the undoubted spearheads (...) of the age of the auteurs are Nicholas Ray, Richard Brooks, Anthony Mann and Robert Aldrich," while Truffaut places him in the "Wise, Dassin and Losey generation." Even more so then these other directors, Ray stood at the fore-front of this new generation of Hollywood film-makers that came on the scene after the war. He stood as a harbinger for the modernity that was to be felt in the world of cinema.

From De l'invention (Cahiers N.27), Rivette reflects the magazine's generosity in discussing Ray,
"Without any doubt, the most constant privilege of the masters is that of seeing everything, including the most simple mistakes, turn out to their advantage rather than diminishing their stature. If you are now surprised to see me give the benefit of this law to Nicholas Ray's latest film it means you are ill-prepared to appreciate a work which is disconcerting and asks for, not indulgence, but a little love."
From L'Amirable Certitude (Cahiers N.46), Truffaut writes,
"Nicholas Raymond Kienzle is somewhat, in fact very much, the passionate discovery of the 'young critics'. Nick Ray is an auteur in our sense of the word. All his films tell the same story, the story of a violent man who wants to stop being violent, and his relationship with a woman who has more moral strength than himself. For Ray's hero is invariably a man lashing out, weak, a child-man when he is not simply a child."****
And here is Truffaut at his more aggressive,
"You can refute Hawks in the name of Ray (or vice versa), or admit them both, but to anyone who would reject them both I make so bold as to say this: Stop going to the cinema, don't watch anymore films, for you will never know the meaning of inspiration, of a view-finder, of poetic intuition, a frame, a shot, an idea, a good film, the cinema. An insufferable pretension? No: a wonderful certainty."
In Ajax ou le Cid? (Cahiers N.59), first off Eric Rohmer discusess (see: deplores) the translation of Rebel Without a Cause into French La Fureur de Vivre [The Rage to Live], as well he reads Ray's "masterpiece" as "a genuine drama in five acts," which is a surprising look at the film and an ambitious one. Rohmer, who has always been more conservative than his peers (in terms of both taste and filming approaches), proves to be just as insightful and adventurous in his prose as the other writers,
"It is impossible to attach any convenient label to his [Ray's] position, as one can with John Huston. It isn't problems that interest him, in the manner of Brooks, but human beings. There is not a trace of the psychological complexities so dear to Mankiewicz. None of those instantly dazzling flashes of lyricism, as in Aldrich. His tempo is slow, his melody usually monochord, but its delineation is so precise, its progress so compulsive, that we cannot allow our attention to stray for a moment."
Jean-Luc will be Godard (where at this point in time, he thinks, that D. H. Lawrence's The Plumed Serpant is "the most important novel of the twentieth century"), which means wildly ambitious. Here he is from Rien que le Cinema (Cahiers N.68),
"After seeing Johnny Guitar or Rebel Without a Cause, one cannot but feel that there is something which exists, only in the cinema, which would be nothing in a novel, the stage or anything else, but which becomes fantastically beautiful on the screen."
Though disappointed about Hot Blood he can still find some merits,
"In short, [Hot Blood] is a semi-successful film to the extent that Ray was semi-uninterested in it."
And on Bitter Victory from Au dela des etoiles (Cahiers N.79),
"It is no longer a question of either reality or fiction, or of one transcending the other. It is a question of something quite different. What? The stars, maybe, and the men who like to look at them and dream."
And on the acting,
"Bitter Victory is exceptionally well acted by Curt Jurgens and Richard Burton. With Et Dieu... Crea la Femme, this makes twice one can believe in a character created by Jurgens. As for Richard Burton, who has acquitted himself well enough in all his previous films, good or bad, when directed by Nicholas Ray he is absolutely sensational."*****
To conclude, here is Truffaut from the 1973 documentary I'm a Stranger Here Myself where he further explains this Cahiers obsession towards Ray,
"What attracted us was that there was something European about this man from Hollywood. European in what way? Perhaps in the frailty, vulnerability of his leading characters. His male characters weren't 'macho'. There was this great sensitivity, especially in dealing with affairs of the heart, which lent a sense of great reality. At a time when Hollywood movies were rarely personal or autobiographical, you always had the feeling that the love stories in Nicholas Ray's films were true stories."
*****
* Some new writing on We Can't Go Home Again appears in the latest issue of Cinema Scope (N.48), which includes a piece by Susan Ray, Out of the Box, (Susan also has a long autobiographical introduction in I Was Interrupted: Nicholas Ray on Making Movies), and Gabe Klinger, Nicholas Ray’s Film Maudit Restored. It's also worth highlighting here another overlooked Ray title, The Janitor (which is available on YouTube). Brad Stevens writes about the film,
"What fascinates me about this short is the way it clarifies the structure of Ray's last few films, which are full of clashes between superego and id figures (Walt and Cottonmouth in WIND ACROSS THE EVERGLADES, Tommy and Rico in PARTY GIRL, Inuk and the trooper in THE SAVAGE INNOCENTS, Leith and Brand in BITTER VICTORY, Christ and Barrabas in KING OF KINGS). Here, Ray plays both the id and the superego, suggesting just how personal this theme was to him."
** In addition to the selection of pieces in the book other Cahiers articles of note include Jacques Doniol-Valcroze on They Live By Night, Paul et Virginie se sont maries la nuit (Cahiers N.5), Truffaut on They Live By Night, Les Extremes me touchent (Cahiers N.21), Eric Rohmer on Bigger Than Life, Ou bien... ou bien (Cahiers N.69) and Venise 1957 (Cahiers N.75), Luc Moullet's Filmographie de Nicholas Ray (Cahiers N.89), Fereydoun Hoveyda on Party Girl (Cahiers N.107), Jean Douchet and Jacques Joly Nouvelle Entretien avec Nicholas Ray (Cahiers N.127), Bill Krohn on We Can't Go Home Again (Cahiers N.288), and part of Ray's late period script Mister, Mister with an introduction by Wim Wenders (Cahiers N.400).

*** Other good resources on Ray include Bernard Eisenschitz' peerless Nicholas Ray: An American Journey and Patrick McGilligan's new Nicholas Ray: The Glorious Failure Of An American Director.

**** This passage on hidden narratives is similarly brought up in the magazines contemporary writing, here Jean-Philippe Tesse from his review of J.J. Abrams' Super 8, Leve les yeux (Cahiers N.660),
"Abrams has been to able to reconcile his storyteller-recycler spirit all the while plunging into the childhood cinema experiences of reactivating it's magic. And, certainly, he does this by re-taking brilliantly the secret scenario of all of his films: the curring of the hero by the irruption of the supertural within his neighborhood."
***** Here is Stephane Delorme on contemporary actors from his review of Darren Aronofsky's Black Swan, Requiem pour un reve (Cahiers N.664),
"Like Mickey Rourke in The Wrestler, Natalie Portman plays in a sense her life: good comedian, appreciated, who never really craved the screen, child-star (Luc Besson's Leon) reduced to these roles of the princess in the Star Wars films without ever imposing herself (...) The troubling emotion comes from these effortless lost gazes and raised eyebrows of inquietude and concentration. As well we are on Natalie Portman's side, we want her to succeed. Aronofsky is the best American casting director."

Monday, June 13, 2011

João Pedro Rodrigues in Toronto

The Portuguese filmmaker João Pedro Rodrigues is getting a New Auteurs* treatment June 23rd to the 28th at the TIFF Cinematheque and his newest feature To Die Like a Man, which made Cahiers Top Ten of 2010, will be getting a three night run. Here is Andréa Picard, the Free Screen programmer, from her essay on the mini-retrospecitve:
"Wry and perfectly poised between the silly and the serious (and sometimes shocking), Rodrigues’ “unholy three” (to quote the title of his Carte Blanche selection for this programme) reveals the filmmaker’s willingness to veer into dangerous territory by challenging not only moral and ethical boundaries, but those of taste. The films’ ritualistic push and pull between seduction and repulsion speaks to the unspeakable in matters of desire, but also to those of artistic creation, in which wild contradictions of style can be a risky affair. Rodrigues’ paradoxical vision, in which cruelty is ultimately confronted by hope, is made manifest by his feverish, uninhibited imagination. Even the depths of abjection offer a sideways slit for transcendence, best expressed by the dying Tonia’s incurable romanticism and her/his brave, dignified acceptance. In Rodrigues’ extreme studies of lust, longing and loneliness, death looms, but so does the everlasting. As a rival softly but matter-of-factly says to Tonia as she lies weakened on her deathbed: “We’re all here in passing. This is not the end.”
*Pedro Rodrigues and his longtime collaborator João Rui Guerra da Mata will be in attendance to discuss their work.

Thursday, May 27, 2010

A Busy June (And What I Will Be Doing)

June Film Listings

Bytowne Cinema
Punishment Park (Peter Watkins, 1971) 14/06 – 16/06.
Sweetgrass (Ilisa Barbash & Lucien Castaing-Taylor, 2009) 18/06 – 22/06.
Breaking the Waves (Lars von Trier, 1996) 21/06 – 22/06.

Mayfair Theatre
Steven Spielberg Double Bill 08/06.
Close Encounters of the Third Kind (Steven Spielberg, 1997) 14/06.
Back to God’s Country (David Hartford, 1919) 25/06.
Prime Cut (Michael Ritchie, 1972) 26/06.
Canadian Cult Revue 30/06.

Canadian Film Institute
Day of Wrath (Carl Theodor Dreyer, 1927) 12/06.
Lebanon (Samuel Maoz, 2009) 13/06.
Drunken Angel (Akira Kurosawa, 1948) 19/06.
The Lower Depths (Akira Kurosawa, 1957) 25/06.
Stone Time Touch (Gariné Torossian, 2007) 26/06.

Movie Night at the Imperial
Written on the Wind (Douglas Sirk, 1956) 1/06.
Top Hat (Mark Sandrich, 1935) 29/06.

TIFF Cinematheque (Toronto, ON)
Personal Views: A Tribute to Robin Wood 18/06.

Cinema Beaubien (Montreal, QC)
Les Amours Imaginaire (Xavier Dolan, 2010) 11/06.

Saw Gallery
Lesley Marsland’s Science Fiction Comedy TBA.

*****

It is summer here in Ottawa and the weather is hot. Since completing my Bachelors of Arts with a Major in Psychology and a Minor in Film Studies at the University of Ottawa in April my activities can best be described as idling. A lot of my time is spent at coffee houses, movie theaters, and at bars. I have a few short-term contract jobs here including researching vocabulary and working memory in elementary school students, the production of a couple of educational tool videos, and my part-time gig at the CFI. These jobs help me get by, but If find I am somehow still increasing my credit card debt. Whatever.

Solo reading wise, I have been really enjoying reading Zoë Druick’s erudite Projecting Canada, government policy and documentary film at the national film board (2007), she writes in the book “It is my contention that the NFB represents a rarified site for examining the use of new communications technology (in this case, film) and a new film form (documentary) for education, nation building, and the governmental project of an administered welfare state.” I am also having a pleasure exploring Vidéographe’s box set Robert Morin, The Videomaker’s Journey (1976-1997). Robert Morin and Lorraine Dufour output for their Coop Vidéo de Montréal is rich and compelling.

It looks like there are going to be a lot of worthwhile films going to be screening this month. Cool. Just browsing through my June Film Listings I am partly interested in writing about my friend Lesley Marsland directorial debut, it is supposed to be a twenty-minute sci-fi comedy; Back to God’s Country with the great Nell Shipman and which the film guide describes as “the earliest surviving Canadian feature film from 1919”, there will be live music by Mike Dubue; If I can make it out to it I would be interested in putting my thoughts out there on Xavier Dolan’s remake of François Truffaut’s Jules and Jim (1962), Les Amours Imaginaire (2010); and finally I eagerly anticipate Ottawa’s premiere of Gariné Torossian essay film narrated by Arsinee Khanjian Stone Time Touch (2007), which also includes a book with a contribution by Scott Birdwise. If you are at all interested in reading about the other films I am sure you can find analysis of them in the writings of Robin Wood, Joseph McBride, Cinema Scope, and Jonathan Rosenbaum.

I am also happy to hear Apichatpong Weerasethakul’s newest film Uncle Boonmee who can Recall his Past Lives (2010) won The Palme d’Or. Joe is ever adventurous in his projects and his work recalls the mysticism of Andrei Tarkovsky. I liked how his film Tropical Malady (2004) spoke towards a distinct Thai experience while expanding on more universal themes of fright and loneliness in the search for a partner through its two narratives; one which is straightforward and the other an abstract re-rendition.-David Davidson